Jung Ga-ram debuted as a teen actor in the 2011 MBC sitcom High Kick: Counterattack of the Short Legs. In 2015, he played a supporting character in the SBS series Heard It Through the Grapevine, which was named Best Drama at the 51st Baeksang Arts Awards. In 2016, he made his film debut in 4th Place, which won him Best New Actor at the 53rd Grand Bell Awards and the 8th KOFRA Film Awards. In 2017, he starred in the comedy-drama film The Poet and the Boy, which earned him several Best New Actor nominations. In 2019, he acted alongside Kim So-hyun and Song Kang in the first season of the hit Netflix series Love Alarm and reprised his role in its second season aired in 2021. He also had starring roles in the films The Odd Family: Zombie on Sale and Beasts Clawing at Straws, which were released in 2019 and 2020, respectively.

Jung Ga-ram attended Hanyang University’s theater and film department. He enlisted for his mandatory military service in October 2020.